I. In forging production, traumatic accidents are prone to occur, which can be divided into three kinds according to their causes:  

First, mechanical injury -- directly caused by the machine, tool or workpiece scratch, bruise;  

Second, burns;  

Third, electrical contact injury.  

Two, from the point of view of safety and technical labor protection, the characteristics of the forging workshop are:  

1.  Forging production is carried out in the state of hot metal (such as low carbon steel forging temperature range between 1250~750℃), because of a lot of manual labor, a little careless may occur burns.  

2.  The heating furnace in the forging shop and the hot ingot, blanks and forgings constantly emit large amounts of radiant heat (forgings still have a very high temperature at the end of forging), and the workers are often harmed by thermal radiation.  

3.  The smoke and dust from the heating furnaces of the forging workshop discharged into the air of the workshop during the combustion process, which not only affects the health, but also reduces the visibility of the workshop (for the heating furnaces burning solid fuel, the situation is more serious), thus may also cause industrial accidents.  

4.  The equipment used in forging production, such as air hammer, steam hammer, friction press, etc., work out of the impact force.  When the equipment is under the impact load, it is easy to be damaged suddenly (such as the sudden break of the piston rod of the forging hammer), and cause serious injury accidents.  Press (such as hydraulic press, crank hot die forging press, flat forging press, fine press) shearing machine, in the work, although the impact is small, but the sudden damage of equipment and other situations also happen, the operator is often caught off guard, may also lead to industrial accidents.  

5.  Forging equipment in the work of the force is very large, such as crank press, tensile forging press and hydraulic press such forging equipment, their working conditions are more stable, but its working parts of the force is very large, such as China has been manufactured and used 12000T forging hydraulic press.  Is the common 100~ 150T press, the force is enough.  If the mold is installed or operated incorrectly, most of the force is not on the workpiece, but on the mold, tool, or parts of the equipment itself.  In this way, some errors in installation and adjustment or improper tool operation may cause damage to parts and other serious equipment or personal accidents.  

6.  There is a wide variety of tools and auxiliary tools for forging, especially hand and free forging tools, clamps, etc., which are kept together at the work place.  In the work, the replacement of tools is very frequent, and the storage is often messy, which inevitably increases the difficulty of checking these tools. When a certain tool is needed in forging and often can not be found quickly, sometimes the use of similar tools will "make do", which often leads to industrial accidents.  

7.  Because of the noise and vibration of the equipment in the forging workshop, the working place is extremely noisy, which affects people's hearing and nervous system and distracts their attention, thus increasing the possibility of accidents.  

Analysis of causes of work-related accidents in forging workshops  

1.  Areas requiring protection and equipment lack protection and safety devices.  

2.  Inadequate or unused protection on equipment.  

3.  The production equipment itself is defective or defective.  

4.  Damaged equipment or tools and improper working conditions.  

5.  The forging die and anvil are defective.  

6.  Confusion in workplace organization and management.  

7.  Improper operation of process and auxiliary work of repair.  

8.  Personal protective equipment such as protective glasses are defective, work clothes and work shoes do not meet working conditions.  

9.  When several people work together on an assignment, they don't coordinate well with each other.  

10.  Lack of technical education and safety knowledge leads to incorrect procedures and methods.